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Moscow


Moscow, the capital of the Russian Federation, was founded in 1147 by prince Yuri Dolgoruky as a fortress on the bank of the Moskva River.

Within over 850 years of its history, Moscow has developed into one of the largest cities in the world, with a territory of almost 1000 square kilometers and a population of about 9 million. It is the economic, political and cultural center of Russia and the seat of the Russian government.
If St.Petersburg is Russia"s imperial crown, Moscow is its familial heart. It is a city in which one comes face to face with all that is finest and all that is most frustrating in Russia. The gregarious geniality of its people is as evident as the extreme tensions of a city coming to terms with the confusion of rapid social change. More than anywhere else in the country, it is in Moscow where the Soviet past collides with the capitalist future.
Moscow is famous for its architectural and cultural monuments of world significance, chief among them the Kremlin (15th-17th centuries),

the former residence of the Russian tsars, which is considered to be one of the most beautiful architectural ensembles in the world; and St.Basil`s Cathedral (1551-1561), the masterpiece of Russian architecture, which is located in Red Square. Moscow is well-known, thanks to its theaters and museums, including the Bolshoy Theatre (1776),one of the leading opera and ballet theatres in the world; the Museum of Fine Arts, named after Pushkin; the Tretyakov Gallery; the Historical Museum; the ancient Kolomenskoye Estate (14th century), one of the residences of the Russian princes and tsars; and the Kuskovo estate (18th century).

During the past few years, new supermarkets, glass skyscrapers, and modern highways have been built in Moscow, making it a more western city. Yet, as the new Moscow emerges, it is becoming increasingly clear that any move into the future will be accompanied by a strong appreciation of the city"s rich and varied heritage, one that vastly predates the era of Soviet rule. Indeed, the most striking aspect of the city today is not Moscow"s much-publicized embrace of Western culture, but its self-assured revival of its own traditions.

Ancient cathedrals are being restored to their original grandeur and opened for religious services. Innovative theaters are reclaiming leadership in the arts. And traditional markets are springing back to life.

Moscow is once more assuming its position as the capital and mother city of the ancient state of Russia.
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